基于GenericAPIView以及五个视图扩展类写接口

基于GenericAPIView以及五个视图扩展类写接口

一、基于GenericAPIView写接口

GenericAPIView属性

序列化反序列 queryset
1. 使用序列化类 serializer_class
2. 查询单条路由 lookup_field
3. 过滤类的配置 filter_backends
4. 分页类的配置 pagination_class

获取序列对象 get_queryset
1. 获取单个对象 get_object
2. 获取序列化类 get_serializer
3. 跟过滤有关的 filter_queryset

# 表模型代码
from django.db import models


class Book(models.Model:
    name = models.CharField(verbose_name='书名', max_length=32
    price = models.CharField(verbose_name='价格', max_length=32

    def __str__(self:
        return self.name

    # 外键 书跟出版社是一对多
    publish = models.ForeignKey(to='Publish', on_delete=models.CASCADE
    # 外键 书跟作者是多对多
    authors = models.ManyToManyField(to='Author'

    def publish_detail(self:
        return {'name': self.publish.name, 'address': self.publish.address}

    def author_list(self:
        list = []
        for author in self.authors.all(:
            list.append({'name': author.name, 'phone': author.phone}
        return list


class Publish(models.Model:
    name = models.CharField(verbose_name='出版社名称', max_length=32
    address = models.CharField(verbose_name='出版社地址', max_length=32

    def __str__(self:
        return self.name


class Author(models.Model:
    name = models.CharField(verbose_name='作者姓名', max_length=32
    phone = models.CharField(verbose_name='电话号码', max_length=11

    def __str__(self:
        return self.name

# 序列化类代码
class BookSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer:
    class Meta:
        # 跟book表有强关联
        model = Book
        # fields = ['写需要序列化的字段名',[]···]
        # 如果fields = '__all__'这样写就表明序列化所有字段
        fields = '__all__'
        # extra_kwargs = {'字段名': {'约束条件': 约束参数},是反序列化字段
        extra_kwargs = {'name': {'max_length': 8},
                        'publish_detail': {'read_only': True},
                        'authors_list': {'read_only': True},
                        'publish': {'write_only': True},
                        'authors': {'write_only': True}
                        }

    def validate_name(self, name:
        if name.startswith('sb':
            raise ValidationError('书名不能以sb开头'
        else:
            return name

'''基于GenericAPIView'''
from rest_framework.generics import GenericAPIView
from .models import Book
from .serializer import BookSerializer
from rest_framework.response import Response


class BookView(GenericAPIView:
    queryset = Book.objects.all(
    serializer_class = BookSerializer

    def get(self, request:
        objs = self.get_queryset(
        ser = self.serializer_class(instance=objs, many=True
        return Response(ser.data

    def post(self, request:
        ser = self.get_serializer(data=request.data
        if ser.is_valid(:
            ser.save(
            return Response({'code': 100, 'msg': '新增成功', 'result': ser.data}
        else:
            return Response({'code': 101, 'msg': ser.errors}


class BookDetailView(GenericAPIView:
    queryset = Book.objects.all(
    serializer_class = BookSerializer

    def get(self, request, pk:
        obj = self.get_object(
        ser = self.get_serializer(instance=obj
        return Response(ser.data

    def put(self, request, pk:
        obj = self.get_object(
        ser = self.get_serializer(instance=obj, data=request.data
        if ser.is_valid(:
            ser.save(
            return Response({'code':102, 'msg':'修改成功'}
        else:
            return Response({'code':103, 'msg':ser.errors}

    def delete(self, request, pk:
        self.get_object(.delete(
        return Response({'code':104, 'msg':'删除成功'}

二 、基于GenericAPIView以及五个视图扩展类写接口

首先捋一下五个视图扩展类吧！切记这五个扩展类不能单独使用，必须与GenericAPIView配合使用,需要写哪种接口就用哪个扩展类即可。

新增数据，CreateModelMixin
1. 修改数据，UpdateModelMixin
2. 删除数据，DestroyModelMixin
3. 获取单个，RetrieveModelMixin
4. 获取所有，ListModelMixin

'''基于GenericAPIView及五个视图扩展类'''

from rest_framework.generics import GenericAPIView
from rest_framework.mixins import ListModelMixin, CreateModelMixin, UpdateModelMixin, RetrieveModelMixin, DestroyModelMixin
from .models import Book, Author, Publish
from .serializer import BookSerializer



class BookView(GenericAPIView,ListModelMixin,CreateModelMixin:
    queryset = Book.objects.all(
    serializer_class = BookSerializer

    def get(self, request:
        return self.list(request

    def post(self, request:
        return self.create(request


class BookDetailView(GenericAPIView, RetrieveModelMixin, UpdateModelMixin, DestroyModelMixin:
    queryset = Book.objects.all(
    serializer_class = BookSerializer

    def get(self, request, *args, **kwargs:
        return self.retrieve(request, *args, **kwargs

    def put(self, request, *args, **kwargs:
        return self.update(request, *args, **kwargs

    def delete(self, request, *args, **kwargs:
        return self.destroy(request

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编程笔记 » 基于GenericAPIView以及五个视图扩展类写接口